Ukulayisha imithwalo kunye nemithwalo yeenqwelo-moya yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokusebenza. Oku akusiyonto sihlala siyicinga - ewe, ngaphandle kokuba inengxaki. Ukulayisha kunye nokugcina imithwalo kuyahluka ukusuka kwinqwelo-moya ukuya kwenye. Kwinqwelo-moya ezincinci, oku kwenzeka ngesandla, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kusetyenziswa isikhongozeli.
Ukuqokelela imithwalo kwindawo yokubhalisa, ukudlula kwisikhululo seenqwelo-moya kunye nokukhwela inqwelo-moya zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwiziseko zesikhululo seenqwelo-moya. Zonke izikhululo zeenqwelo-moya ezinkulu zisebenzisa uhlobo oluthile lwenkqubo yokuphatha imithwalo ezenzekelayo. Oku kusebenzisa ibhanti yokuhambisa kunye nenkqubo yokujika ukuze kuthathwe imithwalo ephawulweyo ukusuka kwindawo yokubhalisa ukuya kwindawo yokulayisha okanye yokugcina impahla. Oku kunokunceda ukujonga ukhuseleko.
Emva koko imithwalo igcinwa okanye ilayishwe kwitroli ukuze ihanjiswe yinqwelo-moya. Okwangoku, oku kube yinkqubo eyenziwa ngesandla. Kodwa ezinye iinkampani zeenqwelo-moya sele ziqalile ukuqwalasela ukwenziwa kwezinto ngokuzenzekelayo.
I-British Airways iqalise uvavanyo lokuhanjiswa kwemithwalo ngokuzenzekelayo kwisikhululo seenqwelo-moya saseHeathrow ekupheleni kuka-2019. Oku kusebenzisa iitroli ezizenzekelayo ukuthutha imithwalo elayishiweyo ngqo ukusuka kwinkqubo yokuphatha imithwalo ukuya kwinqwelo-moya. I-ANA ikwaqhube uvavanyo oluncinci lwenkqubo yemithwalo ezimeleyo ngokupheleleyo ekuqaleni kuka-2020.
I-Simple Flying ifunde ingcamango yeerobhothi zokucwangcisa nokulayisha imithwalo. Oku kunamandla okukhawulezisa ukulayisha nokunciphisa iimpazamo kunye nokulahleka kwemithwalo.
Emva kokuba imithwalo ihlelwe kwaye ithunyelwe, kufuneka ilayishwe kwinqwelo-moya. Kulapho inkqubo yahluka khona phakathi kweentlobo zeenqwelo-moya. Kwinqwelo-moya ezincinci, idla ngokulayishwa ngesandla kwindawo yokugcina imithwalo yenqwelo-moya. Zonke iinqwelo-moya zengingqi kunye neenqwelo-moya ezininzi ezinomzimba omxinwa zenza oku. Nangona kunjalo, uthotho lwe-A320 lungasebenzisa izikhongozeli.
Ukulayisha imithwalo emininzi kubizwa ngokuba yi-"bulk loading". Oku kudla ngokusebenzisa ibhanti yokuhambisa impahla ukuhambisa imithwalo kwindawo yokugcina imithwalo yenqwelo-moya (nangona isenokungafuneki kwinqwelo-moya encinci). Emva koko layisha imithwalo kwaye uyigcine ngokukhuselekileyo. Iinethi zisetyenziselwa ukubopha iingxowa kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukwahlulahlula indawo yokugcina imithwalo ibe ziinxalenye ezininzi. Ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba okulinganiselweyo kwemithwalo ngexesha lokubhabha kubalulekile ekusasazweni kobunzima.
Enye indlela yokulayisha umthwalo omkhulu kukusebenzisa izikhongozeli ezibizwa ngokuba zizixhobo zokulayisha iyunithi. Kubalulekile ukubopha imithwalo kwindawo yemithwalo yenqwelo-moya, nto leyo enzima ngakumbi (kwaye ithatha ixesha) kwiinqwelo-moya ezinkulu. Zonke iinqwelo-moya ezibanzi (ngamanye amaxesha i-A320) zixhotyiswe ngezikhongozeli. Imithwalo ilayishwa kwangaphambili kwi-ULD efanelekileyo ize ivalwe kwindawo yemithwalo yenqwelo-moya.
I-ULD inika ubungakanani obahlukeneyo kwiinqwelomoya ezahlukeneyo. Eyona ixhaphakileyo yi-LD3 container. Le isetyenziswa kuzo zonke iinqwelomoya ze-Airbus widebody kunye ne-Boeing 747, 777 kunye ne-787. Ezinye izikhongozeli zilungiselelwe ukugcina imithwalo yeenqwelomoya enobukhulu obahlukeneyo, kuquka i-747 kunye ne-767.
Kwi-A320, isitya se-LD3 esincitshisiweyo (esibizwa ngokuba yi-LD3-45) singasetyenziswa. Esi sinobude obuncitshisiweyo ukuze sithwale iindawo ezincinci zokugcina impahla. I-737 ayisebenzisi izikhongozeli.
Indlela yokulayisha imithwalo iyafana neyemithwalo. Zonke iinqwelomoya ezibanzi (mhlawumbi i-A320) zisebenzisa izikhongozeli. Inzuzo ebalulekileyo yezikhongozeli ekusebenziseni iimpahla kukukwazi ukuzilayisha kwangaphambili nokuzigcina. Zikwavumela ukuhanjiswa okulula phakathi kweenqwelomoya, njengoko uninzi lwezikhongozeli lunokutshintshwa phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo.
Kubekho iimeko ezahlukileyo kwimisebenzi yokuthutha impahla kutshanje. Ngenxa yotshintsho olwenziwe ngo-2020 nango-2021, ezinye iinkampani zeenqwelo-moya ziye zaguqula ngokukhawuleza iinqwelo-moya zabakhweli ukuba zithwale imithwalo. Ukusebenzisa ikhabhini ephambili ukulayisha imithwalo kunceda iinkampani zeenqwelo-moya ziqhubeke zibhabha kwaye ziqhelane nokwanda kwemfuno yemithwalo.
Imisebenzi yokuphatha umhlaba kunye nokulayisha imithwalo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokusebenza kwezikhululo zeenqwelo-moya kunye nokutshintsha kweenqwelo-moya. Zive ukhululekile ukuxoxa ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe kwizimvo.
Intatheli-Justin inamava aphantse abe yiminyaka elishumi kwicandelo lokupapasha kwaye inolwazi olunzulu ngemiba ejongene neenqwelo moya namhlanje. Enomdla omkhulu kuphuhliso lweendlela, iinqwelomoya ezintsha kunye nokuthembeka, uhambo lwakhe olude neenqwelo moya ezifana neBritish Airways kunye neCathay Pacific lumnike ukuqonda okunzulu nokuthe ngqo ngemiba yoshishino. Ikomkhulu layo liseHong Kong naseDarlington, e-UK.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-04-2021